17. Abnormal Findings – Skin, Hair & Nails

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Skin: Café-au-lait spots – flat, light brown, uniformly hyper-pigmented macules or patches on the skin surface. Cherry angiomas – tiny, bright red, round papules that may become brown over time. Hemangiomas – flat, purple marks usually present at birth that may appear on the face and upper body. Papular rash – small, raised, circumscribed and perhaps discolored (red to purple) lesions appears in various configuration. Pressure ulcers – localized areas of skin or tissue breakdown due to pressure or friction on the skin; also known as bed sores. Pruritus – unpleasant itching sensation. Purpuric lesions – petechiae (brown pinpoint lesions); ecchymoses (bluish or purplish discolorations); hematomas (masses of accumulated blood). Scars – collagen growth that occurs after an injury to the dermis. Telangiectases – permanently dilated, small blood vessels typically in a web- like pattern. Urticaria – vascular skin reaction of transient pruritic wheals. Vesicular rash – scattered or linear distribution of blister-like lesions filled with clear, cloudy or bloody fluid. Hair: Alopecia – hair loss. Hirsutism – excessive hairiness in women. Nails: Beau’s lines – transverse depressions in the nail extending to the bed. Clubbing – proximal end of the nail elevates so the angle is greater than 180 degrees. Koilonychia – thin, spoon-shaped nails with lateral edges that tilt upward. Muehrcke’s lines – transverse bands of white that go across the nail. Onycholysis – nail plate loosening with separation from the nail bed. Terry’s nails – nail beds that are white and look like ground glass.

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Skin, Hair & Nails

Skin: Café-au-lait spots – flat, light brown, uniformly hyper-pigmented macules or patches on the skin surface. Cherry angiomas – tiny, bright red, round papules that may become brown over time. Hemangiomas – flat, purple marks usually present at birth that may appear on the face and upper body. Papular rash – small, raised, circumscribed and perhaps discolored (red to purple) lesions appears in various configuration. Pressure ulcers – localized areas of skin or tissue breakdown due to pressure or friction on the skin; also known as bed sores. Pruritus – unpleasant itching sensation. Purpuric lesions – petechiae (brown pinpoint lesions); ecchymoses (bluish or purplish discolorations); hematomas (masses of accumulated blood). Scars – collagen growth that occurs after an injury to the dermis. Telangiectases – permanently dilated, small blood vessels typically in a web-like pattern. Urticaria – vascular skin reaction of transient pruritic wheals. Vesicular rash – scattered or linear distribution of blister-like lesions filled with clear, cloudy or bloody fluid. Hair: Alopecia – hair loss. Hirsutism – excessive hairiness in women. Nails: Beau’s lines – transverse depressions in the nail extending to the bed. Clubbing – proximal end of the nail elevates so the angle is greater than 180 degrees. Koilonychia – thin, spoon-shaped nails with lateral edges that tilt upward. Muehrcke’s lines – transverse bands of white that go across the nail. Onycholysis – nail plate loosening with separation from the nail bed. Terry’s nails – nail beds that are white and look like ground glass.

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17. Abnormal Findings –

Skin, Hair & Nails

Skin: Café-au-lait spots – flat, light brown, uniformly hyper-pigmented macules or patches on the skin surface. Cherry angiomas – tiny, bright red, round papules that may become brown over time. Hemangiomas – flat, purple marks usually present at birth that may appear on the face and upper body. Papular rash – small, raised, circumscribed and perhaps discolored (red to purple) lesions appears in various configuration. Pressure ulcers – localized areas of skin or tissue breakdown due to pressure or friction on the skin; also known as bed sores. Pruritus – unpleasant itching sensation. Purpuric lesions – petechiae (brown pinpoint lesions); ecchymoses (bluish or purplish discolorations); hematomas (masses of accumulated blood). Scars – collagen growth that occurs after an injury to the dermis. Telangiectases – permanently dilated, small blood vessels typically in a web-like pattern. Urticaria – vascular skin reaction of transient pruritic wheals. Vesicular rash – scattered or linear distribution of blister-like lesions filled with clear, cloudy or bloody fluid. Hair: Alopecia – hair loss. Hirsutism – excessive hairiness in women. Nails: Beau’s lines – transverse depressions in the nail extending to the bed. Clubbing – proximal end of the nail elevates so the angle is greater than 180 degrees. Koilonychia – thin, spoon-shaped nails with lateral edges that tilt upward. Muehrcke’s lines – transverse bands of white that go across the nail. Onycholysis – nail plate loosening with separation from the nail bed. Terry’s nails – nail beds that are white and look like ground glass.